77th United States Congress
77th United States Congress | |
---|---|
76th ← → 78th | |
United States Capitol (1956) | |
January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943 | |
Senate President | John N. Garner (D) until January 20, 1941 Henry A. Wallace (D) from January 20, 1941 |
Senate President pro tem | Pat Harrison (D) until June 22, 1941 Carter Glass (D) from July 11, 1941 |
House Speaker | Sam Rayburn (D) |
Members | 96 senators 435 members of the House 4 non-voting delegates |
Senate Majority | Democratic |
House Majority | Democratic |
Sessions | |
1st: January 3, 1941 – January 2, 1942 2nd: January 5, 1942 – December 16, 1942 |
The Seventy-seventh United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1941, to January 3, 1943, during the ninth and tenth years of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Sixteenth Census of the United States in 1940. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.
This was the first Congress to have more than one Senate President (the Vice President of the United States), John Garner and Henry Wallace, due to the passage of the 20th amendment in 1933.
.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}
Contents
1 Major events
2 Major legislation and resolutions
3 Select committees
4 Leadership
4.1 Senate
4.1.1 Majority (Democratic) leadership
4.1.2 Minority (Republican) leadership
4.2 House of Representatives
4.2.1 Majority (Democratic) leadership
4.2.2 Minority (Republican) leadership
5 Party summary
5.1 Senate
5.2 House of Representatives
6 Members
6.1 Senate
6.1.1 Alabama
6.1.2 Arizona
6.1.3 Arkansas
6.1.4 California
6.1.5 Colorado
6.1.6 Connecticut
6.1.7 Delaware
6.1.8 Florida
6.1.9 Georgia
6.1.10 Idaho
6.1.11 Illinois
6.1.12 Indiana
6.1.13 Iowa
6.1.14 Kansas
6.1.15 Kentucky
6.1.16 Louisiana
6.1.17 Maine
6.1.18 Maryland
6.1.19 Massachusetts
6.1.20 Michigan
6.1.21 Minnesota
6.1.22 Mississippi
6.1.23 Missouri
6.1.24 Montana
6.1.25 Nebraska
6.1.26 Nevada
6.1.27 New Hampshire
6.1.28 New Jersey
6.1.29 New Mexico
6.1.30 New York
6.1.31 North Carolina
6.1.32 North Dakota
6.1.33 Ohio
6.1.34 Oklahoma
6.1.35 Oregon
6.1.36 Pennsylvania
6.1.37 Rhode Island
6.1.38 South Carolina
6.1.39 South Dakota
6.1.40 Tennessee
6.1.41 Texas
6.1.42 Utah
6.1.43 Vermont
6.1.44 Virginia
6.1.45 Washington
6.1.46 West Virginia
6.1.47 Wisconsin
6.1.48 Wyoming
6.2 House of Representatives
6.2.1 Alabama
6.2.2 Arizona
6.2.3 Arkansas
6.2.4 California
6.2.5 Colorado
6.2.6 Connecticut
6.2.7 Delaware
6.2.8 Florida
6.2.9 Georgia
6.2.10 Idaho
6.2.11 Illinois
6.2.12 Indiana
6.2.13 Iowa
6.2.14 Kansas
6.2.15 Kentucky
6.2.16 Louisiana
6.2.17 Maine
6.2.18 Maryland
6.2.19 Massachusetts
6.2.20 Michigan
6.2.21 Minnesota
6.2.22 Mississippi
6.2.23 Missouri
6.2.24 Montana
6.2.25 Nebraska
6.2.26 Nevada
6.2.27 New Hampshire
6.2.28 New Jersey
6.2.29 New Mexico
6.2.30 New York
6.2.31 North Carolina
6.2.32 North Dakota
6.2.33 Ohio
6.2.34 Oklahoma
6.2.35 Oregon
6.2.36 Pennsylvania
6.2.37 Rhode Island
6.2.38 South Carolina
6.2.39 South Dakota
6.2.40 Tennessee
6.2.41 Texas
6.2.42 Utah
6.2.43 Vermont
6.2.44 Virginia
6.2.45 Washington
6.2.46 West Virginia
6.2.47 Wisconsin
6.2.48 Wyoming
6.2.49 Non-voting members
7 Changes in membership
7.1 Senate
7.2 House of Representatives
8 Committees
8.1 Senate
8.2 House of Representatives
8.3 Joint committees
9 Caucuses
10 Employees
10.1 Senate
10.2 House
11 See also
12 References
Major events
- January 20, 1941: President Franklin D. Roosevelt began his third term.
- December 7, 1941: Attack on Pearl Harbor
- December 8, 1941: Joint Session of Congress met to hear President Roosevelt deliver his "Day of Infamy" speech
- December 26, 1941: Joint session of the United States Congress met in the Senate chamber for an address by British Prime Minister Winston Churchill.
Major legislation and resolutions
- March 11, 1941: Lend Lease Act, Pub.L. 77–11, Sess. 1, ch. 11, 55 Stat. 31
- August 18, 1941: Flood Control Act of 1941, Pub.L. 77–228, Sess. 1, ch. 377, 55 Stat. 638
- December 8, 1941: Resolution— War between United States and Japan, Pub.L. 77–328, Sess. 1, ch. 561, 55 Stat. 795
- December 11, 1941: Resolution— War between United States and Germany, Pub.L. 77–331, Sess. 1, ch. 564, 55 Stat. 796
- December 11, 1941: Resolution— War between United States and Italy, Pub.L. 77–332, Sess. 1, ch. 565, 55 Stat. 797
- January 30, 1942: Emergency Price Control Act of 1942, Pub.L. 77–421, Sess. 2, ch. 26, 56 Stat. 23
- June 5, 1942: Resolution— War between United States and Bulgaria, Pub.L. 77–563, Sess. 2, ch. 323, 56 Stat. 307
- June 5, 1942: Resolution— War between United States and Hungary, Pub.L. 77–564, Sess. 2, ch. 324, 56 Stat. 307
- June 5, 1942: Resolution— War between United States and Romania, Pub.L. 77–565, Sess. 2, ch. 325, 56 Stat. 307
- June 22, 1942: Resolution— United States Flag Code, including recognition of the Pledge of Allegiance, Pub.L. 77–623, Sess. 2, ch. 435, 56 Stat. 377
- October 2, 1942: Stabilization Act of 1942, Pub.L. 77–729, Sess. 2, ch. 578, 56 Stat. 765
Select committees
Truman Committee (officially the United States Senate Special Committee to Investigate the National Defense Program)
Leadership
Senate
President: John Nance Garner (D), until January 20, 1941
Henry A. Wallace (D), from January 20, 1941
President pro tempore: Pat Harrison (D), until June 22, 1941
Carter Glass (D), from July 10, 1941
Majority (Democratic) leadership
Majority leader: Alben W. Barkley
Majority Whip: Lister Hill
Caucus Secretary: Joshua B. Lee
Minority (Republican) leadership
Minority leader: Charles L. McNary
Republican Conference Secretary: Wallace H. White, Jr.
House of Representatives
Speaker: Sam Rayburn (D)
Majority (Democratic) leadership
Majority leader: John William McCormack
Democratic Whip: Patrick J. Boland, until May 18, 1942
- Robert Ramspeck
Democratic Caucus Chairman: Richard M. Duncan
Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Patrick H. Drewry
Minority (Republican) leadership
Minority leader: Joseph William Martin, Jr.
Republican Whip: Harry Lane Englebright, until May 13, 1943
Republican Conference Chairman: Roy O. Woodruff
Party summary
Senate
Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic (D) | Farmer-Labor (FL) | Progressive (P) | Republican (R) | Independent (I) | |||
End of the previous congress | 68 | 1 | 1 | 25 | 1 | 96 | 0 |
Begin | 66 | 0 | 1 | 28 | 1 | 96 | 0 |
End | 64 | 30 | |||||
Final voting share | 7001667000000000000♠66.7% | 5000000000000000000♠0.0% | 7000100000000000000♠1.0% | 7001313000000000000♠31.3% | 7000100000000000000♠1.0% | ||
Beginning of the next congress | 58 | 0 | 1 | 36 | 0 | 95 | 1 |
House of Representatives
- 267 Democratic
- 162 Republican
- 3 Progressive
- 1 American Labor
- 1 Farmer-Labor
- 1 Independent Democrat
Total 435
Members
Senate
Senators are elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1942; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1944; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1946.
|
|
House of Representatives
|
| |
Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.
Senate
State (class) | Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation |
---|---|---|---|---|
West Virginia (2) | Matthew M. Neely (D) | Resigned January 12, 1941, after being elected Governor of West Virginia. Successor was appointed to serve until a special election, which he subsequently lost. In addition, successor took oath of office after the Senate resolved a challenge to the appointment. | Joseph Rosier (D) | January 13, 1941 |
Arkansas (2) | John E. Miller (D) | Resigned March 31, 1941, after being appointed judge for the US District Court for the Western District of Arkansas. Successor was appointed to finish the term. | G. Lloyd Spencer (D) | April 1, 1941 |
Texas (2) | Morris Sheppard (D) | Died April 9, 1941. Successor was appointed to serve until a special election. | Andrew Jackson Houston (D) | April 21, 1941 |
Mississippi (2) | Pat Harrison (D) | Died June 22, 1941. Successor was appointed to serve until a special election. | James Eastland (D) | June 30, 1941 |
Texas (2) | Andrew Jackson Houston (D) | Died June 26, 1941. Successor was elected to finish term. | W. Lee O'Daniel (D) | June 28, 1941 |
South Carolina (2) | James F. Byrnes (D) | Resigned July 17, 1941, after being appointed Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Successor was appointed to serve until a special election. | Alva M. Lumpkin (D) | July 22, 1941 |
South Carolina (2) | Alva M. Lumpkin (D) | Died August 1, 1941. Successor was appointed to serve until a special election. | Roger C. Peace (D) | August 5, 1941 |
Mississippi (2) | James Eastland (D) | Appointee did not seek election to finish term. Successor was elected September 28, 1941, to finish term. | Wall Doxey (D) | September 29, 1941 |
South Carolina (2) | Roger C. Peace (D) | Appointee did not seek election to finish term. Successor was elected November 4, 1941, to finish term. | Burnet R. Maybank (D) | November 5, 1941 |
Colorado (3) | Alva B. Adams (D) | Died December 1, 1941. Successor was appointed to serve until the November 3, 1942, special election, which he won. | Eugene Millikin (R) | December 20, 1941 |
West Virginia (2) | Joseph Rosier (D) | Appointee lost election November 17, 1942, to finish the term. Successor was elected to finish term. | Hugh Shott (R) | November 18, 1942 |
Nevada (1) | Berkeley L. Bunker (D) | Appointee lost election December 7, 1942, to finish the term. Successor was elected to finish term. | James G. Scrugham (D) | December 7, 1942 |
House of Representatives
District | Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Oklahoma 7th | Sam C. Massingale (D) | Died January 17, 1941 | Victor Wickersham (D) | April 1, 1941 |
New York 17th | Kenneth F. Simpson (R) | Died January 25, 1941 | Joseph C. Baldwin (R) | March 11, 1941 |
Alabama 7th | Walter W. Bankhead (D) | Resigned February 1, 1941 | Carter Manasco (D) | June 24, 1941 |
Maryland 6th | William D. Byron (D) | Died February 27, 1941 | Katharine Byron (D) | May 27, 1941 |
Virginia 2nd | Colgate Darden (D) | Resigned March 1, 1941, to run for Governor of Virginia | Winder R. Harris (D) | April 8, 1941 |
New York 42nd | Pius L. Schwert (D) | Died March 11, 1941 | John C. Butler (R) | April 22, 1941 |
North Carolina 5th | Alonzo D. Folger (D) | Died April 30, 1941 | John H. Folger (D) | June 14, 1941 |
New York 14th | Morris M. Edelstein (D) | Died June 4, 1941 | Arthur G. Klein (D) | July 29, 1941 |
Wisconsin 1st | Stephen Bolles (R) | Died July 8, 1941 | Lawrence H. Smith (R) | August 29, 1941 |
Pennsylvania 15th | Albert G. Rutherford (R) | Died August 10, 1941 | Wilson D. Gillette (R) | November 4, 1941 |
Colorado 4th | Edward T. Taylor (D) | Died September 3, 1941 | Robert F. Rockwell (R) | December 9, 1941 |
Mississippi 2nd | Wall Doxey (D) | Resigned September 28, 1941, after being elected to the US Senate | Jamie L. Whitten (D) | November 4, 1941 |
California 17th | Lee E. Geyer (D) | Died October 11, 1941 | Cecil R. King (D) | August 25, 1942 |
Massachusetts 7th | Lawrence J. Connery (D) | Died October 19, 1941 | Thomas J. Lane (D) | December 30, 1941 |
Connecticut 5th | J. Joseph Smith (D) | Resigned November 4, 1941, after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut | Joseph E. Talbot (R) | January 20, 1942 |
Pennsylvania 12th | J. Harold Flannery (D) | Resigned January 3, 1942, after becoming judge of common pleas for Luzerne County, PA | Thomas B. Miller (R) | May 19, 1942 |
Pennsylvania 33rd | Joseph A. McArdle (D) | Resigned January 5, 1942, after being elected to the Pittsburgh City Council | Elmer J. Holland (D) | May 19, 1942 |
Pennsylvania 11th | Patrick J. Boland (D) | Died May 18, 1942 | Veronica G. Boland (D) | November 3, 1942 |
Washington 5th | Arthur D. Healey (D) | Resigned August 1, 1942, after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington | Vacant until the next Congress | |
Massachusetts 8th | Charles H. Leavy (D) | Resigned August 3, 1942, after being appointed judge for the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts | Vacant until the next Congress | |
Ohio 15th | Robert T. Secrest (D) | Resigned August 3, 1942, after accepting a commission in the U.S. Navy | Vacant until the next Congress | |
Ohio 13th | Albert D. Baumhart, Jr. (R) | Resigned September 2, 1942, after accepting a commission in the U.S. Navy | Vacant until the next Congress | |
Iowa 9th | Vincent F. Harrington (D) | Resigned September 5, 1942, after accepting a commission as major in the United States Army | Harry E. Narey (R) | November 3, 1942 |
California 3rd | Frank H. Buck (D) | Died September 17, 1942 | Vacant until the next Congress | |
Maryland 2nd | William Purington Cole, Jr. (D) | Resigned October 26, 1942, after being appointed judge for the U.S. Customs Court | Vacant until the next Congress | |
Pennsylvania 25th | Charles I. Faddis (D) | Resigned December 4, 1942, to enter the US Army | Vacant until the next Congress | |
Illinois 4th | Harry P. Beam (D) | Resigned December 6, 1942, after being elected judge for the municipal court of Chicago | Vacant until the next Congress | |
Illinois 6th | A. F. Maciejewski (D) | Resigned December 6, 1942 | Vacant until the next Congress | |
Missouri 6th | Philip A. Bennett (R) | Died December 7, 1942 | Vacant until the next Congress | |
Nevada At-large | James G. Scrugham (D) | Resigned December 7, 1942, after being elected to the U.S. Senate | Vacant until the next Congress |
Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (4 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.
|
|
Joint committees
Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)- Disposition of (Useless) Executive Papers
- Eradication of the Mediterranean Fruit Fly
- Forestry
- The Library
- Reduction of Nonessential Federal Expenditures
- Taxation
- To Investigate Phosphate Resource of the United States
Caucuses
Democratic (House)
Democratic (Senate)
Employees
Architect of the Capitol: David Lynn
Attending Physician of the United States Congress: George Calver
Comptroller General of the United States: Lindsay C. Warren
Librarian of Congress: Archibald MacLeish
Public Printer of the United States: Augustus E. Giegengack
Senate
Secretary: Edwin A. Halsey
Sergeant at Arms: Chesley W. Jurney
Parliamentarian: Charles Watkins
Chaplain: ZeBarney Thorne Phillips (until October 9, 1942), Frederick Brown Harris (after October 10, 1942)
House
Clerk: South Trimble of Kentucky
Sergeant at Arms: Kenneth Romney
Parliamentarian: Lewis Deschler
Reading Clerks: Irving Swanson
Doorkeeper of the House: Joseph J. Sinnott
Postmaster: Finis E. Scott
Chaplain: James Shera Montgomery (Methodist)
See also
United States elections, 1940 (elections leading to this Congress)
- United States presidential election, 1940
- United States Senate elections, 1940
- United States House of Representatives elections, 1940
United States elections, 1942 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
- United States Senate elections, 1942
- United States House of Representatives elections, 1942
References
House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 77th Congress (PDF)..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
Official Congressional Directory for the 77th Congress, 1st Session.
Official Congressional Directory for the 77th Congress, 1st Session (Revision).
Official Congressional Directory for the 77th Congress, 2nd Session.
Official Congressional Directory for the 77th Congress, 2nd Session (Revision).