Judaeo-Georgian (Georgian: ყივრული ენა) (also known as Kivruli and Gruzinic) is the traditional Georgian dialect spoken by the Georgian Jews, the ancient Jewish community of the Caucasus nation of Georgia.
Contents
1Relationship to other languages
2Distribution
3Status
4References
5External links
Relationship to other languages
Judaeo-Georgian is the only Kartvelian Jewish dialect. Its status as a distinct language from the Georgian language is the subject of some debate.
With the exception of a significant number of Hebrew and Aramaic loanwords, the language is reportedly largely mutually intelligible with Georgian.
Distribution
Judaeo-Georgian has approximately 85,000 speakers. These include 20,000 speakers in Georgia (1995 est.), and about 59,800 speakers in Israel (2000 est.). The language has approximately 4,000 speakers in New York and undetermined numbers in other communities in Russia, Belgium, the United States and Canada.
Status
Judaeo-Georgian is, like many Jewish languages spoken there, on the decline in Israel. Its status in Georgia itself is unchanged, except by the rapid decline in the size of the language community, due to emigration beginning in the 1970s, which has seen the departure of some 80% of the community. Authoritative studies of its continued use by other expatriate communities of Georgian Jews have not been conducted.
References
^Judaeo-Georgian at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
^Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Judeo-Georgian". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
For other people named Steve Gadd, see Steve Gadd (disambiguation). Steve Gadd Gadd at Bodø Jazz Open, 2014 Background information Birth name Stephen Kendall Gadd Born ( 1945-04-09 ) April 9, 1945 (age 73) Irondequoit, New York, U.S. Genres Jazz post-bop jazz fusion rock blues R&B Occupation(s) Musician, drummer, percussionist and session musician Instruments Drums, percussion Years active 1968–present Website www.drstevegadd.com Stephen Kendall Gadd (born April 9, 1945 [1] ) is an American drummer, percussionist, and session musician. Gadd is one of the most well-known and highly regarded session and studio drummers in the industry, recognized by his induction into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 1984. [2] Gadd's performance on Paul Simon's "50 Ways to Leave Your Lover" and Steely Dan's "Aja" are examples of his style. He has worked with popular musicians from many genres including Simon ...
У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Подольск (значения) . Не следует путать с Подольском — городом в Одесской области Украины. Город Подольск Флаг Герб 55°25′47″ с. ш. 37°32′40″ в. д. H G Я O Страна Россия Россия Субъект Федерации Московская область Городской округ Подольск Глава Николай Игоревич Пестов История и география Основан 1627 [2] Первое упоминание 1559 Город с 1781 года Площадь 40,39 км² Высота центра 160 м Тип климата умеренно-континентальный Часовой пояс UTC+3 Население Население ↗ 302 831 [1] человек ( 2018 ) Плотность 7497,67 чел./км² Национальности русские и другие Конфессии Православные христиане Этнохороним подольча́не, подольча́нин, подольча́нка Цифровые идентификаторы Телефонный код +7 4967 Почтовые индексы 142100—142134 Код ОКАТО 46 460 Код ОКТМО 46 760 000 001 Прочее Карта города Карта Н...
For the Canadian regulation, see Simultaneous substitution. For an online release of broadcast programme, see Digital distribution. Simulcast (a portmanteau of simultaneous broadcast) is the broadcasting of programs or events across more than one medium, or more than one service on the same medium, at exactly the same time (that is, simultaneously). For example, Absolute Radio is simulcast on both AM and on satellite radio. [1] [2] Likewise, the BBC's Prom concerts were formerly simulcast on both BBC Radio 3 and BBC Television. Another application is the transmission of the original-language soundtrack of movies or TV series over local or Internet radio, with the television broadcast having been dubbed into a local language. Contents 1 Early radio simulcasts 2 Simulcasting to provide stereo sound for TV broadcasts 3 Other uses 3.1 Simulcasting of sporting events 4 See also 5 References Early radio simulcasts Before launching stereo rad...
