Palme d'Or
| Palme d'Or | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Location | Cannes |
| Country | France |
| Presented by | Festival International du Film de Cannes |
| First awarded | 1955 |
| Currently held by | Shoplifters (2018) |
| Website | http://www.festival-cannes.com |
The Palme d'Or (French pronunciation: [palm(ə) dɔʁ]; English: Golden Palm) is the highest prize awarded at the Cannes Film Festival.[1] It was introduced in 1955 by the festival's organizing committee. Previously, from 1939 to 1954, the highest prize at the festival was the Grand Prix du Festival International du Film.[1] In 1964, The Palme d'Or was replaced again by the Grand Prix, before being reintroduced in 1975.[1]
The Palme d'Or is widely considered to be one of the most prestigious awards in the film industry.[2][3][4]
Contents
1 History
2 Award winners
3 Multiple award winners
4 Honorary Palme d'Or
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
History
The Commune of Cannes coat of arms
In 1954, the festival decided to present an award annually, titled the Grand Prix of the International Film Festival, with a new design each year from a contemporary artist. The festival's board of directors invited several jewellers to submit designs for a palm, in tribute to the coat of arms of the city of Cannes.[1] The original design by the jeweller Lucienne Lazon had the bevelled lower extremity of the stalk forming a heart, and the pedestal a sculpture in terracotta by the artist Sébastien.[5]
In 1955, the first Palme d'Or was awarded to Delbert Mann for Marty. From 1964 to 1974, the Festival temporarily resumed a Grand Prix.[1] In 1975, the Palme d'Or was reintroduced and has since remained the symbol of the Cannes Film Festival, awarded every year to the director of the winning film, and presented in a case of pure red Morocco leather lined with white suede.[1]
As of 2018, Jane Campion is the only female director to have won the Palme d'Or, for her work on The Piano. However, in 2013, when Blue Is the Warmest Color won the Palme d'Or, the Steven Spielberg-headed jury awarded it to the film's director Abdellatif Kechiche, as well as the film's actresses Adèle Exarchopoulos and Léa Seydoux.[6] This marks the first time multiple Palme d'Or trophies were given out in the festival's history.[7]
Palme d'Or awarded to Apocalypse Now at the 1979 Cannes Film Festival
The jury decided to award the actresses alongside the director due to a Cannes policy that forbids the Palme d'Or-winning film from receiving any additional awards, thereby preventing the jury from rewarding both the film and the film's actresses separately.[8] Of the unorthodox decision, Spielberg said that "had the casting been 3% wrong, it wouldn't have worked like it did for us".[9] Kechiche later auctioned off his Palme d'Or trophy to fund his new feature film, and expressed mixed feelings about the festival having given out multiple trophies in an interview with The Hollywood Reporter.[10]
Since its reintroduction, the prize has been redesigned several times. At the beginning of the 1980s, the rounded shape of the pedestal, bearing the palm, gradually transformed to become pyramidal in 1984. In 1992, Thierry de Bourqueney redesigned the Palme and its pedestal in hand-cut crystal.
In 1997, a new design, created by Caroline Scheufele from Chopard, was created; a single piece of cut crystal forms a cushion for the 24-carat gold palm, which was hand-cast into a wax mould and presented in a case of blue Morocco leather.[11]
The winner of the 2014 Palme d'Or, Winter Sleep—a Turkish film by Nuri Bilge Ceylan—occurred during the same year as the 100th anniversary of Turkish cinema. Upon receiving the award, Ceylan dedicated the prize to both the "young people" involved in the ongoing political unrest in Turkey and the workers who were killed in the Soma mine disaster, which occurred on the day prior to the commencement of the awards event.[12]
In 2017, the award was re-designed to celebrate the festival's 70th anniversary.[1] The diamonds were provided by an ethical supplier certified by the Responsible Jewellery Council.[1]
Award winners
| Year | Film | Original title | Director(s) | Nationality of director * |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1930s | ||||
| Awarded as "Grand Prix du Festival International du Film" | ||||
| 1939 ‡ | Union Pacific | Cecil B. DeMille | United States | |
| 1940s | ||||
| 1940–1945 | No awards due to World War II. | |||
| 1946 | The Turning Point | Velikij perelom / Великий перелом | Fridrikh Ermler | Soviet Union |
| Men Without Wings | Muži bez křídel | František Čáp | Czechoslovakia | |
| The Last Chance | Die Letzte Chance | Leopold Lindtberg | Switzerland | |
| Torment | Hets | Alf Sjöberg | Sweden | |
| Portrait of Maria | María Candelaria | Emilio Fernández | Mexico | |
| Rome, Open City | Roma, città aperta | Roberto Rossellini | Italy | |
| Neecha Nagar (Lowly City) | Nīcā nagar / नीचा नगर | Chetan Anand | India | |
| Brief Encounter | David Lean | United Kingdom | ||
| Pastoral Symphony | La symphonie pastorale | Jean Delannoy | France | |
| The Lost Weekend | Billy Wilder | United States | ||
| The Red Meadows | De røde enge | Bodil Ipsen and Lau Lauritzen, Jr. | Denmark | |
| 1949 | The Third Man | Carol Reed | United Kingdom | |
| 1950s | ||||
| 1951 | Miss Julie | Fröken Julie | Alf Sjöberg | Sweden |
| Miracle in Milan | Miracolo a Milano | Vittorio De Sica | Italy | |
| 1952 | The Tragedy of Othello: The Moor of Venice | Orson Welles | United States | |
| Two Cents Worth of Hope | Due soldi di speranza | Renato Castellani | Italy | |
| 1953 | The Wages of Fear | Le salaire de la peur | Henri-Georges Clouzot | France |
| 1954 | Gate of Hell | Jigoku-mon / 地獄門 | Teinosuke Kinugasa | Japan |
| Awarded as "Palme d'Or" | ||||
| 1955 | Marty § | Delbert Mann | United States | |
| 1956 | The Silent World | Le monde du silence | Jacques Cousteau and Louis Malle | France |
| 1957 | Friendly Persuasion | William Wyler | United States | |
| 1958 | The Cranes Are Flying | Letyat zhuravli / Летят журавли | Mikhail Kalatozov | Soviet Union |
| 1959 | Black Orpheus § | Orfeu Negro | Marcel Camus | France |
| 1960s | ||||
| 1960 | The Sweet Life § | La dolce vita | Federico Fellini | Italy |
| 1961 | The Long Absence § | Une aussi longue absence | Henri Colpi | France |
Viridiana § | Luis Buñuel | Mexico | ||
| 1962 | Keeper of Promises § | O Pagador de Promessas | Anselmo Duarte | Brazil |
| 1963 | The Leopard § | Il gattopardo | Luchino Visconti | Italy |
| Awarded as "Grand Prix du Festival International du Film" | ||||
| 1964 | The Umbrellas of Cherbourg | Les parapluies de Cherbourg | Jacques Demy | France |
| 1965 | The Knack … and How to Get It | Richard Lester | United Kingdom | |
| 1966 | A Man and a Woman | Un homme et une femme | Claude Lelouch | France |
| The Birds, the Bees and the Italians | Signore e signori | Pietro Germi | Italy | |
| 1967 | Blowup | Michelangelo Antonioni | Italy | |
| 1968 | No awards this year because of the May 1968 events in France. | |||
| 1969 | If.... | Lindsay Anderson | United Kingdom | |
| 1970s | ||||
| 1970 | MASH | Robert Altman | United States | |
| 1971 | The Go-Between | Joseph Losey | United Kingdom | |
| 1972 | The Working Class Goes to Heaven § | La classe operaia va in paradiso | Elio Petri | Italy |
The Mattei Affair § | Il caso Mattei | Francesco Rosi | Italy | |
| 1973 | The Hireling | Alan Bridges | United Kingdom | |
| Scarecrow | Jerry Schatzberg | United States | ||
| 1974 | The Conversation | Francis Ford Coppola | United States | |
| Awarded as "Palme d'Or" | ||||
| 1975 | Chronicle of the Years of Fire | Chronique des années de braise | Mohammed Lakhdar-Hamina | Algeria |
| 1976 | Taxi Driver | Martin Scorsese | United States | |
| 1977 | Padre Padrone | Paolo and Vittorio Taviani | Italy | |
| 1978 | The Tree of Wooden Clogs § | L'albero degli zoccoli | Ermanno Olmi | Italy |
| 1979 | Apocalypse Now | Francis Ford Coppola | United States | |
| The Tin Drum | Die Blechtrommel | Volker Schlöndorff | West Germany | |
| 1980s | ||||
| 1980 | All That Jazz | Bob Fosse | United States | |
| Kagemusha | Kagemusha / 影武者 | Akira Kurosawa | Japan | |
| 1981 | Man of Iron | Człowiek z żelaza | Andrzej Wajda | Poland |
| 1982 | Missing § | Costa-Gavras | Greece | |
The Way § | Yol | Yılmaz Güney and Şerif Gören | Turkey | |
| 1983 | The Ballad of Narayama | Narayama bushikō / 楢山節考 | Shohei Imamura | Japan |
| 1984 | Paris, Texas § | Wim Wenders | West Germany | |
| 1985 | When Father Was Away on Business § | Otats na službenom putu / Отац на службеном путу | Emir Kusturica | Yugoslavia |
| 1986 | The Mission | Roland Joffé | United Kingdom | |
| 1987 | Under the Sun of Satan § | Sous le soleil de Satan | Maurice Pialat | France |
| 1988 | Pelle the Conqueror | Pelle erobreren | Bille August | Denmark |
| 1989 | Sex, Lies, and Videotape | Steven Soderbergh | United States | |
| 1990s | ||||
| 1990 | Wild at Heart | David Lynch | United States | |
| 1991 | Barton Fink § | Joel and Ethan Coen | United States | |
| 1992 | The Best Intentions | Den goda viljan | Bille August | Denmark |
| 1993 | Farewell My Concubine | Bàwáng bié jī / 霸王別姬 | Chen Kaige | China |
| The Piano | Jane Campion | New Zealand | ||
| 1994 | Pulp Fiction | Quentin Tarantino | United States | |
| 1995 | Underground | Podzemlje / Подземље | Emir Kusturica | Serbia and Montenegro |
| 1996 | Secrets & Lies | Mike Leigh | United Kingdom | |
| 1997 | Taste of Cherry | Ta'm-e gīlās / طعم گيلاس | Abbas Kiarostami | Iran |
| The Eel | Unagi / うなぎ | Shohei Imamura | Japan | |
| 1998 | Eternity and a Day § | Mia aio̱nióti̱ta kai mia méra / Μια αιωνιότητα και μια μέρα | Theodoros Angelopoulos | Greece |
| 1999 | Rosetta § | Jean-Pierre Dardenne and Luc Dardenne | Belgium | |
| 2000s | ||||
| 2000 | Dancer in the Dark | Lars von Trier | Denmark | |
| 2001 | The Son's Room | La stanza del figlio | Nanni Moretti | Italy |
| 2002 | The Pianist | Roman Polanski | France, Poland | |
| 2003 | Elephant | Gus Van Sant | United States | |
| 2004 | Fahrenheit 9/11 | Michael Moore | United States | |
| 2005 | The Child | L'enfant | Jean-Pierre Dardenne and Luc Dardenne | Belgium |
| 2006 | The Wind That Shakes the Barley § | Ken Loach | United Kingdom | |
| 2007 | 4 Months, 3 Weeks and 2 Days | 4 luni, 3 săptămâni şi 2 zile | Cristian Mungiu | Romania |
| 2008 | The Class § | Entre les murs | Laurent Cantet | France |
| 2009 | The White Ribbon | Das weiße Band, Eine deutsche Kindergeschichte | Michael Haneke | Austria |
| 2010s | ||||
| 2010 | Uncle Boonmee Who Can Recall His Past Lives | Lung Bunmi Raluek Chat / ลุงบุญมีระลึกชาติ | Apichatpong Weerasethakul | Thailand |
| 2011 | The Tree of Life | Terrence Malick | United States | |
| 2012 | Amour | Michael Haneke | Austria | |
| 2013 | Blue Is the Warmest Colour § | La Vie d'Adèle: Chapitres 1 et 2 | Abdellatif Kechiche | France, Tunisia |
| 2014 | Winter Sleep | Kış Uykusu | Nuri Bilge Ceylan | Turkey |
| 2015 | Dheepan | Jacques Audiard | France | |
| 2016 | I, Daniel Blake | Ken Loach | United Kingdom | |
| 2017 | The Square | Ruben Östlund | Sweden | |
| 2018 | Shoplifters | 万引き家族 / Manbiki kazoku | Hirokazu Kore-eda | Japan |
* Director's nationality given at time of film's release.
§ Denotes unanimous win
‡ The Palme d'Or for Union Pacific was awarded in retrospect at the 2002 festival. The festival's debut was to take place in 1939, but it was cancelled due to World War II.[13] The organisers of the 2002 festival presented part of the original 1939 selection to a professional jury of six members. The films were: Goodbye Mr. Chips, La Piste du Nord, Lenin in 1918, The Four Feathers, The Wizard of Oz, Union Pacific, and Boefje.
Multiple award winners
Eight directors or co-directors have won the award twice:[14]
- 1946 & 1951 Alf Sjöberg (Sweden)
- 1974 & 1979 Francis Ford Coppola (United States)
- 1988 & 1992 Bille August (Denmark)
- 1985 & 1995 Emir Kusturica (Serbia)
- 1983 & 1997 Shohei Imamura (Japan)
- 1999 & 2005 Luc and Jean-Pierre Dardenne (Belgium)
- 2009 & 2012 Michael Haneke (Austria)
- 2006 & 2016 Ken Loach (United Kingdom)
Honorary Palme d'Or
In 2002 the festival began to sporadically award a non-competitive Honorary Palme d'Or to directors who had achieved a notable body of work but who had never won a competitive Palme d'Or. In 2011 the festival announced that the award would be given out annually, however plans for this fell through and it was not awarded again until four years later in 2015.[15] American director Woody Allen was the inaugural recipient while pioneering French filmmaker Agnès Varda was the first woman to receive the award in 2015.[16][17] In 2016, Jean-Pierre Léaud became the first person to be awarded solely for acting.[18]
| Year | Recipient | Profession | Nationality of recipient |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2002 | Woody Allen | Director/Actor/Screenwriter | United States |
| 2008 | Manoel de Oliveira | Director | Portugal |
| 2009 | Clint Eastwood | Actor/Director | United States |
| 2011 | Bernardo Bertolucci | Director | Italy |
| 2015 | Agnès Varda | Director | France |
| 2016 | Jean-Pierre Léaud | Actor | France |
| 2017 | Jeffrey Katzenberg[19] | Producer | United States |
In 2018, the Cannes jury also awarded a "Special Palme d'Or" for the first time.[20]
| Year | Film | Original title | Director(s) | Nationality of director | Ref(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | The Image Book | Le Livre d'image | Jean-Luc Godard | France, Switzerland | [20] |
See also
Golden Bear, the highest prize awarded at the Berlin Film Festival
Golden Lion, the highest prize awarded at the Venice Film Festival
References
^ abcdefgh "A brief history of the Palme d'or". Festival-cannes.com. Retrieved 28 May 2017..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ "Why the Cannes Film Festival matters (and how to pronounce it)". Vox. Retrieved 2018-01-21.
^ "Cannes 2017: Sweden's Ruben Östlund wins Palme d'Or for 'The Square' - France 24". France 24. 2017-05-28. Retrieved 2018-01-21.
^ Hammond, Pete (2016-05-11). "Cannes Vs Oscar: Why The Palme d'Or And Best Picture Academy Award Don't Make A Perfect Match". Deadline. Retrieved 2018-01-21.
^ "Histoire de la Palme d'or, de Lucienne Lazon à Chopard" (in French). Retrieved 2017-05-31.
^ "Cannes: 5 unforgettable Palme d'Or winners". 2015-05-24. Retrieved 2018-01-21.
^ "Director Abdellatif Kechiche: Why I'm Selling My Palme d'Or (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2018-01-21.
^ "Festival de Cannes - Regulations". Festival-cannes.fr. Retrieved 28 May 2017.
^ "Conference of the Jury of 66th Festival de Cannes". Festival de Cannes. 2013. Archived from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
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^ "Director Abdellatif Kechiche: Why I'm Selling My Palme d'Or (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2018-01-21.
^ "A brief history of the Palme d'Or - Festival de Cannes 2013 (International Film Festival)". Festival-cannes.com. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
^ Xan Brooks (25 May 2014). "Cannes festival ready for shut-eye after Winter Sleep wins Palme d'Or". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media Limited. Retrieved 1 June 2014.
^ McCarthy, Todd (May 26, 2002). "'Pianist' tickles Cannes". Variety. Retrieved May 24, 2018.
^ Lodge, Guy; Gleiberman, Owen (22 May 2016). "Cannes: Ken Loach Wins His Second Palme d'Or for 'I, Daniel Blake'". Variety. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
^ "A Honorary Palme at the opening ceremony of the Festival de Cannes". Retrieved 3 September 2015.
^ "Director Agnes Varda to receive honorary Palme d'Or". Retrieved 3 September 2015.
^ "AGNÈS VARDA TO RECEIVE HONORARY PALME D'OR". Retrieved 3 September 2015.
^ Szalai, Georg. "Cannes: Jean-Pierre Leaud to Get Honorary Palme d'Or". Retrieved 31 May 2016.
^ Richford, Rhonda (19 May 2017). "Cannes: Jeffrey Katzenberg Feted With Honorary Palme d'Or". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 26 May 2017.
^ ab Steve, Pond (19 May 2018). "'Shoplifters' Wins Palme d'Or at 2018 Cannes Film Festival". SF Gate. Retrieved 19 May 2018.
External links
Palme d'Or Winners, 1976 to present, by gross box-office- Festival-cannes.com
Cannes Film Festival IMDB
